Phonemic awareness is a core component of phonological awareness, defined as the explicit understanding and manipulation of individual phonemes within spoken words. As a significant construct in psycholinguistics and literacy research, it investigates the cognitive processes underlying the perception and manipulation of discrete sound units, its development, and its causal relationship with reading proficiency. This concept is characterized by tasks involving sound segmentation, blending, deletion, and substitution, and its significance lies in its robust predictive power for early reading success, serving as a foundational skill for decoding.